The Invictus 2.0 was our first vehicle that was a part of ESVC (Electric Solar Vehicle Championship). It was formed from a carbon fiber monocoque chassis, making Team Solarium the second team all over India and achieve this feat. It also consisted of an electronically actuated gear shifting mechanism that allows us to change gears with the push of a button. These innovations and ideas propelled Team Solarium to achieve the best design award in the competition.
Awards won
Key features
Weight: 134 Kg
Dimensions: 3466mm X 1574mm X 1064mm
Wheels: 3 Wheels - Tadpole Formation
Motor type: Brushless DC Motor
Battery Type: Li-ion Battery
Chassis System
Wheelbase: 1684 mm
Wheel track: 1463 mm
Ground Clearance: 116 mm
Weight of Chassis: 45.5 kg
Weight Distribution: 53% on front axle & 47% on rear axle
Chassis Material: CF 300,400 GSM Bi-directional twill weave
The goal is to design a lightweight chassis by going through all the important processes and regulations including the driver's safety.
Suspension System
Spring Index: 8
Caster Angle: 2°
Motion Ratio: 0.89
Spring travel: 76 mm
Turning radius: 3.2m
Kingpin Inclination: 7°
Suspension is used to improve the ride quality of the vehicle and absorb vibrations from the road surface. Invictus 2.0 has an anti-squat with an adjustable inclination mono shock swing arm.
electrical System
Cells used: 246
Battery efficiency: 98% - 99%
Motor Specifications: 48 V with 3000 rpm
Motor Peak Torque: 30 Nm
Panel efficiency: 22.3%
Solar Specifications: Monocrystalline, 610 W
We have used the solar panels to charge the battery and also to run the motor. We are using a microcontroller named Arduino to monitor and control the gear shifting and cooling of the vehicle.
Steering System
Steering efforts: 74 N
Locking angle: 40°
Steering ratio: 2.8:1
Scrub Radius: 60 mm
Turning radius: 3.2 m
Steering wheel diameter: 254 mm
The steering system should allow the driver to guide the vehicle over the desired course with minimum effort. It has an Ackermann geometry, to provide perfect steering angles at turns with a simple and compact design.
brakes System
Pedal force: 400 N
The radius of wheel: 215 mm
Stopping distance (s): 7 m
Caliper piston diameter (Dp): 25.4 mm
Coefficient of friction in pad and disc (µc): 0.3
A customized caliper was manufactured which only weighs 1/4 of the calipers in the market. Further, the disc will be manufactured by water jet cutting and surface ground to achieve the required thickness.
transmission System
1st Gear acceleration: 2.62 m/s2
4th Gear acceleration: 0.67 m/s2
Gearbox Material: Aluminium
4-speed gear reduction with DAQ system
Semi-automatic gear shifting by using servo motor with Arduino
Transmission is used for achieving maximum speed and maximum acceleration. It is designed for minimum losses and maximum efficiency.