The Invictus 3.0 was built to compete in ESVC for the second time. We built a carbon fiber monocoque from a unique process. The vehicle held a plethora of features and components that helped grab many awards in the competition. It also allowed us to win the best design award for the third consecutive year.
Awards won
Key features
Weight: 180 Kg
Dimensions: 2487mm X 1500mm X 1100mm
Wheels: 4 Wheels
Motor type: Brushless DC Motor
Battery Type: Li-ion Battery
Chassis System
Wheelbase: 1575 mm
Wheel Track: 1270 mm
Ground Clearance: 157 mm
CG Height: 274 mm
Weight Distribution: 54% on front axle & 46% on rear axle
Chassis Material: CF 300,400 GSM with CF sandwiched honeycomb
The chassis is considered to be one of the significant structures of an automobile. It is the frame that holds both the car body and the power train.
Suspension System
Sprung Mass: 44 Kg
Caster Angle: 2°
Motion Ratio: 0.56
Spring travel: 101 mm
Damping ratio: 0.7
Kingpin Inclination: 4.5°
We took the decision of choosing double-wishbone suspension in the front as it had the primary benefit of giving us an increase in negative camber as we increase the movement.
electrical System
Cells used: 429
Motor Specifications: 48 V with 3200 rpm
Motor Peak Torque: 36 Nm
Panel efficiency: 24.2%
Solar panel area: 2.6 m2
Solar Specifications: Monocrystalline, 404 W
We are using Arduino to monitor and control the data acquisition of the vehicle along with cloud computing to monitor the data in real-time.
Steering System
Caster angle: 2°
Steering angle: 30°
Scrub radius: 49 mm
Steering efforts: 70.25 N
Turning center radius: 1.7 m
Steering wheel diameter: 254 mm
Ackermann geometry provides steering angles at turns with a simple and compact design. Rack and pinion steering type gives easier and more compact control over the vehicle.
brakes System
Pedal force: 1000 N
Radius of wheel: 244 mm
Disc temperature: 167.5 °C
Stopping distance (s): 6 m
Caliper piston diameter (Dp): 27.5 mm
Coefficient of friction in pad and disc (µc): 0.3
The convective heat transfer between the rotor and air is designed to be efficient. The balance bar is desgined to sustain and efficiently transmit the force applied by the driver on the pedal to give a smooth ride.
transmission System
1st Gear acceleration: 2.24 m/s2
4th Gear acceleration: 0.91 m/s2
Motor power rating: 1500W to 2500W
The volume of gearbox: 626.8 ml
4-speed gear reduction with DAQ system
Semi-automatic gear shifting by using servo motor with Arduino
The output of the servo is given to the lead screw which is been used for sliding the dog clutch. The power is then transmitted to the spool via a sprocket.