Our latest creation, Invictus 3.1, has been upgraded from the version prior to it. We developed an autonomous (driverless) vehicle with unique features like automatic gear shifting and a carbon fiber battery box. The carbon fiber monocoque chassis composed of customized brake calipers and an adjustable suspension system. Unfortunately, due to the COVID-19 outbreak and the lockdown following soon in India, we could not take part in ESVC 2020.
A great initiative was taken by the ESVC authorities 6 months after the event was canceled. They decided to hold the event virtually, where new rounds and new ideas will be presented. Invictus 3.1 managed to perform extremely well virtually, helping us achieve our best rank ever.
Awards won
Key features
Weight: 180 Kg
Dimensions: 2487mm X 1500mm X 1100mm
Wheels: 4 Wheels
Motor type: Brushless DC Motor
Battery Type: Li-ion Battery
Chassis System
Wheelbase: 1575 mm
Wheel Track: 1357 mm
Ground Clearance: 157 mm
CG Height: 231 mm
Weight Distribution: 42% on front axle & 58% on rear axle
Chassis Material: CF 300,400 GSM with CF sandwiched honeycomb
The chassis is the frame that holds both the car body and the power train. It is made from sandwiching aluminum honeycomb between several carbon fiber sheets.
Suspension System
Caster Angle: 2°
Sprung Mass: 37.9 Kg
Motion Ratio: 0.45
Spring travel: 127 mm
Kingpin Inclination: 4.54°
The suspension system works with the help of two components. Suspension control arms and shock absorber combined with a spring. During a bump/rebound, the control arms push the spring thus the energy from shock is taken by spring.
electrical SysteM
Cells used: 420
Battery capacity: 105 Ah
Motor Peak Torque: 25 Nm
Panel efficiency: 24.2%
Solar panel area: 2.1 m2
IBM Watson cloud platform is used for analyzing the data that is gathered from the sensors from across the vehicle and monitor the data in real-time.
Image processing along with path planning is used to plot the path for the vehicle to travel autonomously.
Steering System
Scrub radius: 80.725 mm
Ackermann Percentage: 71.18%
Steering efforts: 69.9 N
Turning center radius: 2.2 m
Steering wheel diameter: 274 mm
The most conventional steering arrangement is to turn the front wheels using a hand–operated steering wheel that is positioned in front of the driver.
brakes System
Pedal force: 2000 N
The radius of wheel: 244 mm
Disc temperature: 195.5 °C
Stopping distance (s): 6 m
Caliper piston diameter (Dp): 27.5 mm
Disc diameter: 160mm(front) & 200mm(rear)
While braking, most of the kinetic energy of the vehicle converts into heat. Sometimes disc fails due to high-temperature generation in the disc. Therefore, a custom-designed disc allows efficient heat dissipation.
transmission System
1st Gear acceleration: 1.99 m/s2
2nd Gear acceleration: 0.92 m/s2
Output torque 1st gear: 121.6 Nm
Output torque 2nd gear: 56.3 Nm
Motor power rating: 3000W to 4200W
2-speed gear reduction with DAQ system which enables automatic gear shifting by using servo motor with Arduino and Speed sensor. We carried out iterations by changing the number of input and output teeth to get the perfect outcome.